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Congenital and Inherited Disorders of the Cardiovascular System of Cats

Congenital and Inherited Disorders of the Cardiovascular System of Cats
date February 4, 2025
Congenital abnormalities of the cardiovascular system are defects that are present at birth. They can occur as a result of genetic defects, environmental conditions, infections, poisoning, medication taken by the mother, or poor maternal nutrition. In some cases, it is a combination of these factors that causes the defect. For several defects, an inherited basis is suspected. In cats, the frequency of congenital heart disease has been estimated t
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Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Treatment of cardiovascular disease should be specific for the type of disease. Some defects can be repaired or corrected with surgery, while other conditions can be managed with medical therapy using one or a combination of drugs. In general, the goals of treatment are to minimize damage to the heart muscle, control the accumulation of fluids in and around the lungs, improve circulation, regulate the heart rate and rhythm, ensure that there is enough oxygen in the blood, and min
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Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease in Cats
date February 4, 2025
A veterinarian often diagnoses cardiovascular disease by reviewing the medical history and signs, conducting a physical examination, and interpreting the results of specific tests or imaging procedures. The physical examination includes using a stethoscope to listen to the heart and lungs. A veterinarian may hear an abnormal heart rate (for example, a rate that is too slow, fast, or irregular), an abnormal breathing rate (fast or labored breathing), additional heart sounds (calle
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Heart Disease and Heart Failure in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Slightly more than 10% of the animals examined by a veterinarian have some form of cardiovascular disease. Similar to longterm diseases of many other organ systems, cardiovascular diseases generally do not go away but can become more serious and may lead to death. In addition, cardiovascular diseases may be more difficult to detect and quantify because the heart cannot be seen and is protected so well by the rib cage. Heart disease can be
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Introduction to Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders in Cats
date February 4, 2025
The cardiovascular system includes the heart and the blood vessels (the veins and the arteries). The function of the heart is to pump blood. The right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs, where oxygen is added to the blood. The left side pumps blood to the rest of the body, where oxygen and nutrients are delivered to tissues, and waste products (such as carbon dioxide) are removed. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ which, in mammals and birds, is divided into 4 chamber
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Cancers and Tumors of the Eye in Cats
date February 4, 2025
The different tissues of the eye and associated structures can develop primary tumors or can be the site of spreading tumor cells. Tumors of the eye are less frequent in cats than in dogs, but those that occur are more likely to be cancerous (malignant).   Tumors of the Eyelid and Conjunctiva Eyelid and conjunctival tumors are the most frequent primary eye tumors. These tumors are
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Eyeworm Disease (Thelaziasis) in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Eyeworms (Thelazia californiensis and Thelazia callipaeda) are parasites found in cats, dogs, and other animals, including humans, in the western United States and Asia. They are whitish, 0.25 to 0.75 inches (7 to 19 millimeters) long, and move in a rapid snake-like motion across the eye. Your veterinarian may find up to 100 eyeworms in the conjunctival sac, tear ducts, and the conjunctiva under the ey
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Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats (Feline Pneumonitis)
date February 4, 2025
Chlamydial conjunctivitis is an infection of the membrane around the eye (the conjunctiva). Different strains of Chlamydia felis and Chlamydia pneumoniae bacteria cause significant eye infections in cats. The disease in cats is also known as feline pneumonitis, which can be misleading because these bacteria rarely cause pneumonia in cats. The infection usually involves the eye and occasionally the nose
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Eye Disorders Resulting from Generalized Diseases in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Eye disorders can occur because of diseases affecting other parts of the body. They can occur with inherited, infectious, degenerative, and cancerous disorders. Often, discovering a change in the eyes can help uncover the systemic disorder sooner than if the eyes had not been examined. Diseases affecting the blood vessels or nervous system are likely to produce changes in the eyes. If your cat has a disease that affects both eyes, your veterinarian will often look for diseases in
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Prolapse of the Eye in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Severe prolapse (slipping out of place) and/or bulging of the eye can be caused by trauma. It is uncommon in cats. The outcome depends on the extent of the trauma, depth of the eye socket, duration of the displacement, resting pupil size, condition of the eye, and other damage near the eye. In cats, forward displacement is usually caused by severe trauma to the head; often, facial bones are broken. The eyeball should be put back in place surgically as soon as possible if th
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