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Feline Respiratory Disease Complex (Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis, Feline Calicivirus)
date February 4, 2025
Feline respiratory disease complex is a set of respiratory illnesses caused by a group of organisms that can cause infection alone or together. It includes those illnesses with signs including inflammation of the nasal and sinus linings, inflammation of the eye lining (conjunctivitis), excessive tear production, salivation, and mouth sores. The principal diseases are feline viral rhinotracheitis (also called feline her
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Emphysema in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Emphysema is an important disease in humans; however, in other animals it typically occurs as a result of another lung disease. The condition leads to difficulty in expelling air from the lungs, making breathing more difficult. Two major forms of emphysema are generally recognized. Alveolar emphysema is abnormal permanent enlargement and destruction of the alveoli, which are small air sacs deep in the lungs. Interstiti
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Diaphragmatic Hernia in Cats
date February 4, 2025
The diaphragm is a layer of muscle that extends across the base of the chest and separates the chest from the abdomen. Contraction of the diaphragm causes the lungs to expand and inhale air during breathing. Adiaphragmatic hernia is a condition in which a break in the diaphragm allows protrusion of abdominal organs into the chest. In cats, automobile-related trauma is a common cause of diaphragmatic hernia, although defects of the diaphragm
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Cancers and Tumors of the Lung and Airway in Cats
date February 4, 2025
The respiratory system can be a host to many different types of tumors and cancers. The following are the more common tumors found in the lungs and airways of cats.   Tumors of the Nose and Sinuses Tumors of the nose and sinuses are relatively uncommon in cats as compared to dogs. The incidence is higher in male cats. The average age at time of diagnosis is 12 years. In cats, more
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Allergic Pneumonitis in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Allergic pneumonitis is an acute or chronic allergic reaction of the lungs and small airways. The lungs “overreact” to the presence of a parasite or other irritant, causing inflammation and a chronic cough. There is often a higher than normal number of white blood cells, especially those called eosinophils, in the blood. The underlying cause is rarely determined. Eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy, previously known as pulmonary infiltra
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Disorders of the Chest Cavity of Cats
date February 4, 2025
The pleural cavity is the space within the chest that surrounds the lungs. Disorders in this area impact the lungs from the outside, often making it difficult for a cat to inhale air. Hemothorax, the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, is usually caused by trauma to the chest, blood clotting disorders, or tumors in the chest. Hydrothorax, the accumulation of clear f
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Introduction to Lung and Airway Disorders of Cats
date February 4, 2025
The respiratory system consists of the large and small airways and the lungs. When a cat breathes air in through its nose or mouth, the air travels down the trachea, which divides into the tubes known as the right and left bronchi, then into the smaller airways called bronchioles in the lungs. The bronchioles end in the small sacs called
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Urinary Stones (Uroliths, Calculi) in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Minerals that naturally occur in urine can clump together to form tiny crystals. When crystals clump together, they form uroliths (also known as urinary stones or calculi). These stones can develop anywhere in the urinary system, including the kidney, ureter, bladder, or urethra. Certain types of stones appear to have increased in cats in recent years. The cause is not clear, but re
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Noninfectious Diseases of the Urinary System of Cats
date February 4, 2025
Not every disease is caused by infection with bacteria, viruses, or other outside agents. There are a variety of noninfectious disorders that can impair the urinary system. All of these diseases and conditions can be serious threats to the health of your cat.   Kidney Dysfunction The kidneys’ most important function is to filter waste from the blood. When this does not happen properly, waste products can bu
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Infectious Diseases of the Urinary System of Cats
date February 4, 2025
Most infections of the urinary system are caused by bacteria. The infection usually develops when bacteria enter the body through the urethra. The bacteria then travel to the bladder, and in some cases they set up an infection there. Sometimes bacteria continue to move up the urinary tract to the kidneys and can result in kidney infection (pyelonephritis). There are several factors that increase the risk of urinary system infection. These include problems with urine
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