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Preventing Infections

Preventing Infections
date February 6, 2025
Several steps help protect animals against infection. Sometimes, antibiotics are administered to prevent an infection from developing. This preventive measure is called prophylaxis. Many healthy animals that undergo certain types of surgery, such as intestinal su
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Infections in Animals with Impaired Defenses
date February 6, 2025
Many diseases, drugs, and other treatments can cause the body’s natural defenses to break down. Such a breakdown can lead to infections, even by microorganisms that normally live harmlessly on or in the body. For example, the risk of infection is greatly increase
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Development of Infection
date February 6, 2025
Infectious diseases are usually caused by microorganisms that invade the body and multiply. Invasion by most microorganisms begins when they adhere to cells in the body. Whether the microorganism remains near the invasion site or spreads to other sites depends on
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Defenses Against Infection
date February 6, 2025
Physical barriers and the immune system defend an animal’s body against organisms that can cause disease. Physical barriers include outer coverings, such as skin, fur, feathers, and scales. Additional barriers include the mucous membranes, tears, ear wax, mucus,
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Introduction to Infections
date February 6, 2025
Microorganisms are tiny living creatures, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Microorganisms are present everywhere. Despite their overwhelming abundance, relatively few of the hundreds of thousands of species of microorganisms invade, multiply, and cause illne
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Radiation Therapy
date February 6, 2025
Although not a test or imaging procedure, radiation therapy is discussed here because, like several imaging techniques, it uses ionizing radiation and is typically done under the direction of a veterinary radiologist. In veterinary practice, this treatment is ver
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Infections Caused by Bacteria
date February 6, 2025
Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms. Millions of different kinds of bacteria live throughout the world. Some live in the environment, and others live on the skin, in the airways, in the mouth, and in the digestive and urinary tracts of animals and p
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Resident Flora
date February 6, 2025
A healthy animal lives in harmony with many microorganisms that establish themselves on or in the body. The microorganisms that usually live on or in a particular body site are called the resident flora (or microbiota). The resident flora at each site include sev
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Infections Caused by Viruses
date February 6, 2025
Viruses are much smaller than fungi or bacteria, and they must invade a living cell to reproduce, or replicate. The virus attaches to a cell, enters it, and releases its DNA or RNA inside the cell. The DNA or RNA of the virus is its genetic information, which tak
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Infections Caused by Parasites
date February 6, 2025
A parasite is an organism that lives on or in another organism (usually referred to as the host), causing harm to the host. Parasites enter the body most often through the mouth or skin. Parasites that enter through the mouth are swallowed and can either remain
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Emergency