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Fever of Unknown Origin in Dogs

Fever of Unknown Origin in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
In both animals and people, fever may indicate infection, inflammation, an immune-mediated disease, or cancer. Determining the cause of a fever requires a history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory or other diagnostic tests. Often, a fever resolves on its own or in response to antibiotic therapy. However, in a small percentage of animals, the fever continues or keeps coming back and the cause cannot be determined. This is called fever of unknown origin.
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Fatigue and Exercise in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
Owners commonly report muscular fatigue of dogs and horses. Muscular fatigue can be caused by numerous disorders of several body systems, which are discussed in other chapters. Fatigue is an issue for working dogs, racing greyhounds, and dogs that compete in agility and other high-intensity events. Fatigue is a normal consequence of exercise that is continued at high intensity or for prolonged periods of time. It
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Disorders of Magnesium Metabolism in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
Most disorders of magnesium metabolism are due to problems associated with absorption of the mineral from the digestive tract. The anatomical differences in the digestive tract between species are associated with the importance of disorders of magnesium occurring in a particular species. Disorders of magnesium metabolism are less common in dogs than in cattle and sheep. Too much magnesium in the blood (hypermagnesemia) is rare but has been r
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Disorders of Calcium Metabolism in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
Calcium is an essential component of the skeleton, and it has important functions in muscle contraction, blood clotting, enzyme activity, the nervous system, and hormone release, among others. Many different metabolic disorders affect calcium metabolism and can lead to abnormal levels of calcium in the blood. A high level of calcium is known as hypercalcemia, while a low one is called hypocalcemia
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Introduction to Metabolic Disorders of Dogs
date February 3, 2025
Metabolism refers to all processes in the body that break down and convert ingested substances to provide the energy and nutrients needed to sustain life. Foods, liquids, and drugs all generally undergo metabolic processes within the body. Many foods are complex materials that need to be broken down into simpler substances, which in turn become “building blocks” for the body to use as needed. For example, protein is broken down into amino acids, which are used
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Tracheobronchitis (Bronchitis) in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
Tracheobronchitis is a sudden or longterm inflammation of the trachea and bronchial airways; it may also extend into the lungs. It often occurs in dogs already affected by respiratory disease or a disorder of the lungs or airways. For example, infectious tracheo-bronchitis (kennel cough; see below) often follows a viral infection of the respiratory system. Other causes of tracheobronchitis in dogs include parasites, diseases of the mouth and pharynx, chronic coughing
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Tracheal Collapse in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
Tracheal collapse is most common in toy and miniature breeds of dogs, although it may occasionally occur in large-breed dogs. The cause is unknown. Affected dogs have a dry, honking, chronic cough, and labored breathing. They can have trouble breathing during inspiration or expiration. The condition occurs more frequently in dogs that are obese and in those with heart disease or another lung disease (especially chronic bronchitis). Weight loss for obese or overweight dogs i
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Tonsillitis in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
Tonsillitis, an inflammation of the tonsils, usually occurs in dogs with another disorder of the lungs or airways, such as disorders of the nose, mouth, or upper throat (for example, cleft palate); chronic vomiting or regurgitation (for example, from an enlarged esophagus); or chronic coughing (for example, with bronchitis). When present by itself, it is most frequently seen in small breeds. Chronic tonsillitis may occur in brachycephalic dogs (those bred to have fla
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Rhinitis and Sinusitis in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
One of the most common upper respiratory tract malfunctions is rhinitis (inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose) or other damage to the nasal mucous membranes. It is often associated with sinusitis, or inflammation of the lining of the sinuses. If the nasal passages deteriorate and fail to function properly, a major filtration function is removed. This exposes the lungs to much heavier loads of dust and microorganisms. Viral infection i
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Dogs
date February 3, 2025
When a blood clot blocks a blood vessel of the lungs, it is called a pulmonary thromboembolism. Dogs at risk for a pulmonary thromboembolism include those that are critically ill or those with certain diseases, including immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, bacterial infections, protein-losing diseases, certain heart diseases, severe pancreatitis, cancer,
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