The medical term for itching is pruritus. Itching is defined as an unpleasant sensation within the skin that provokes the desire to scratch.
Itching is a sign, not a diagnosis or a specific disease. The most common causes of itching are parasites, infections, and allergies. There are many skin diseases that do not initially cause itching. However, itching may develop with these diseases due to secondary bacterial or yeast infections. It is possib
Hives or skin rashes (urticaria) are small patches of red, swollen, usually itchy, skin. They are very rare in cats and are most often associated with insect bites or stings or with medications. Hives may develop after inhaling, touching, or consuming allergens. When hives occur with severe swelling and fluid accumulation in other parts of the body (usually the head, legs, respiratory tract, or genitals), the allergic reaction can be life threatening.
Alopecia is the partial or complete lack of hair in areas where it is normally present. Hair loss is a sign, and its underlying cause must be determined in order to be treated. If a cat has hair loss and is scratching the area excessively, the itching problem should be investigated first.
Hair loss can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired. Congenital hair loss may or may not be hereditary. It is caus
Flies are winged insects that are usually just an annoyance, but they can transmit disease. They belong to a large, complex order of insects called Diptera. Flies vary greatly in size, food preference, development, and habits. As adults, flies may feed on blood, saliva, tears, or mucus. They also spread bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The order Diptera includes not only the common house fly and many other insects we commonly call flies, but also mosquitoes.
Fleas are small, wingless insects that feed on animal blood. Besides being a nuisance, they can also transmit diseases and cause allergies or anemia. There are more than 2,200 species of fleas recognized worldwide. In North America, only a few species commonly infest house pets. Two common species of flea are the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis) and the dog flea (Ctenocephalides canis). However, most o
This group of skin conditions affects cats, dogs, and horses. Eosinophilic granuloma complexes have varying signs but seem to be caused most commonly by an allergic hypersensitivity.
In cats, three diseases have been grouped in this complex. Eosinophilic ulcers (also called "rodent ulcers" or indolent ulcers) are well-defined, red, skin ulcers that are usually not painful or itchy. They are most commonly found on
Like people, cats can be allergic to various substances, including plant particles and other substances in the air or in food. These substances are called allergens. Allergens are substances that, when inhaled or absorbed through the skin, respiratory tract, or gastrointestinal tract, stimulate antibody production. When an animal comes in contact with these allergens in the future, more antibodies are produced, triggering histamine release and inflammation.
Cats can be born with or may inherit several different kinds of skin abnormalities. Some inherited skin disorders can become visible weeks to months after birth. Most of these conditions are uncommon to rare. Some occur with greater frequency in particular breeds of cats.
Congenital Skin Disorders
Epitheliogenesis imperfecta, also called aplasi
Successful treatment of a skin disorder requires identification of the underlying cause. Not surprisingly, many treatments for skin diseases are applied directly to the skin surface (topically). This may be the preferred method of treatment for some diseases or beneficial in addition to systemic drugs (medications taken by mouth or injected, then distributed throughout the body). Examples of products applied directly to the skin include antibiotic ointments, corticos
A precise diagnosis of the causes of a skin disease requires a detailed history, physical examination, and appropriate diagnostic tests. Many skin diseases have similar signs and an immediate diagnosis may not be possible. Based on your cat’s history and the physical examination, your veterinarian may order any of a number of laboratory procedures. These may include microscopic analysis of skin scrapings and hair, cultures of hair or skin swabs, specialized skin tests, bloo