A number of whole-body diseases also affect the skin. In some instances, the skin changes are characteristic of the particular disease. Often, however, the signs are not obviously associated with the underlying condition and must be carefully distinguished from primary skin disorders. Some of these secondary disorders are mentioned briefly below and are also described in the chapters on the specific disorders. Some skin disorders may be associated with a poor diet. However, this
Tumors are abnormal growths of cells. Tumors affecting the skin or the tissue just under the skin are the most commonly seen tumors in cats. This is partly because they are the most easily seen tumors and partly because the skin is constantly exposed to many tumor-causing factors in the environment. Chemical carcinogens, solar radiation, and viruses all can cause skin tumors. Hormonal and genetic factors may also play a role.
Distinguishing a tum
Ticks are blood-sucking parasites that attach themselves to animals and people. As they feed, ticks can transmit diseases, including Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Q fever, and Lyme disease. Ticks also release toxins that can harm their hosts. Skin wounds caused by ticks can lead to bacterial infections. Severe tick infestations can lead to anemia and death.
Technically, ticks are not insects. They are arachnids and are related to spiders and mite
Ringworm is an infection of skin, hair, or claws caused by a type of fungus known as a dermatophyte. In cats, about 98% of ringworm cases are caused by the fungus Microsporum canis. The fungus is spread easily in the environment and often infects people.
The fungi spread to people primarily by contact with infected cats and contaminated objects, such as furniture or grooming
Pyoderma can be caused by infection, inflammation, or cancer. It is not common in cats. Bacterial pyoderma is usually caused by an overgrowth of bacteria that normally or temporarily live on the skin. The infection is usually triggered by an underlying condition, such as allergies, flea or mite infestation, and chin acne. However, any disease that causes itching and self-trauma can trigger a pyoderma. Warm, moist areas of the skin (such as areas around the mouth, genitals, and to
One pox virus is known to infect cats. It has been reported occasionally in the United Kingdom (Great Britain) and Western Europe, but not in the United States. The virus is indistinguishable from cowpox virus. Cats are believed to contract this virus while hunting. Most infected cats are from rural environments and are known to hunt rodents, which are believed to be the reservoir host. Infection in cats is seasonal with most cases occurring between September and Nov
Photosensitization is a condition in which skin is overly sensitive to sunlight; it is not the same as sunburn. Certain molecules present in the skin are energized by light. When the molecules return to the less energized state, the released energy causes chemical reactions in the skin. Photosensitization can be difficult to distinguish from actual sunburn.
Photosensitization is often classified according to the source of the photodynamic pigment
Helminths are parasitic worms. Dracunculus insignis is a species of roundworm found mainly in the connective tissue beneath the skin of the host animal's legs. They are known to infest raccoons, minks, and other animals in North America. Female worms can reach more than 1 foot (300 millimeters) in length. Male worms are tiny in comparison, approximately 0.8 inches (20 millimeters) long. These worms are rare in cats, but they are occas
Mange is caused by microscopic mites that invade the skin of otherwise healthy animals. The mites cause irritation of the skin, resulting in itching, hair loss, and inflammation. All forms of mange are highly contagious. Cats are very susceptible to several types of mange, including canine scabies, feline scabies (notoedric mange), ear mites (otodectic mange), walking dandruff (cheyletiellosis), and trombiculosis. Demodicosis is not considered mange, but it is also c
Lice are small, flightless insects that live in the hair or feathers of animals and people. Most lice are of the biting or chewing type, including the cat louse (Felicola subrostrata). Lice are most often seen on older, longhaired cats that are no longer able to groom themselves. With the widespread use of monthly flea and tick preventive treatments, lice infestations are now rare in cats and dogs. When seen, infestations are usually