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Emergency Emergency

Fever of Unknown Origin in Cats

Fever of Unknown Origin in Cats
date February 4, 2025
In both animals and people, fever may indicate infection, inflammation, an immune-mediated disease, or cancer. Determining the cause of a fever requires a history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory or other diagnostic tests. Often, a fever resolves on its own or in response to antibiotic therapy. However, in a small percentage of animals, the fever continues or keeps coming back and the cause cannot be determined. This is called fever of unknown origi
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Disorders of Potassium Metabolism in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Potassium is an important electrolyte (salt) that affects the function of nerves, muscles, and the heart. A high level of potassium in the blood is known as hyperkalemia, whereas a low level is called hypokalemia. Hypokalemia can occur when there is inadequate potassium in a cat's diet or when a cat receives a large amount of intravenous fluids. Severely low blood levels of potassium result in
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Disorders of Magnesium Metabolism in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Most disorders of magnesium metabolism are due to problems associated with absorption of the mineral from the digestive tract. Because of anatomical differences in the digestive tract between species, the rates disorders of magnesium vary in different types of animals. Disorders of magnesium metabolism are less common in cats than in cattle and sheep. Too much magnesium in the blood (hypermagnesemia) is rare but has been reported in cats with kidn
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Disorders of Calcium Metabolism in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Calcium is an essential component of the skeleton, and it has important functions in muscle contraction, blood clotting, enzyme activity, the nervous system, and hormone release, among others. Many different metabolic disorders affect calcium metabolism and can lead to abnormal levels of calcium in the blood ( see also Disorders of the Parathyroid Glands and of Calcium Metabolism in Cats). A high level of calcium is known as hypercalcemia, w
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Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria is a rare hereditary disease of cats, cattle, pigs, sheep, and people. It results from low levels of an enzyme involved in the production of heme. Heme is a part of hemoglobin, which is the molecule that carries oxygen in the blood. Affected animals have reddish brown discoloration of the teeth, bones, and urine at birth that continues for life. Abnormal byproducts accumulate in the skin and cause severe sensitivity to the sun (called photosensitivity
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Introduction to Metabolic Disorders of Cats
date February 4, 2025
Metabolism refers to all processes in the body that break down and convert ingested substances to provide the energy and nutrients needed to sustain life. Foods, liquids, and drugs all generally undergo metabolic processes within the body. Many foods are complex materials that must be broken down into simpler substances, which in turn become “building blocks” for the body to use as needed. For example, protein is broken down into amino acids, which are used in
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Tracheobronchitis (Bronchitis, Bronchial Asthma) in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Tracheobronchitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the trachea and bronchial airways; it may also extend into the lungs. It is more likely to occur in cats already affected by respiratory disease or a disorder of the lungs or airways. Tracheobronchitis in cats can be caused by immune dysfunction, parasites, by diseases of the mouth and pharynx, or by chronic coughing related to heart or lung disease. Other causes include smoke inhalation and exposure to chemica
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Tonsillitis in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils and is rare in cats. When seen, it is usually caused by another underlying condition (such as a nose, mouth, or throat condition; or longterm coughing or vomiting). Plant fibers or other foreign bodies that lodge in a tonsil may produce inflammation or infection. Other physical and chemical agents may cause irritation of the mouth and upper throat and one or both tonsils. Tonsillitis may also accompany tumors in the tonsil b
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Rhinitis and Sinusitis in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Rhinitis is inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose. Sinusitis is inflammation of the lining of the sinuses. Rhinitis and sinusitis often occur together, which is termed rhinosinusitis. Inflammation or other damage to the nasal mucous membranes are common upper respiratory tract disorders in cats. If the nasal passages deteriorate and fail to function properly, a major filt
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Pulmonary thromboembolism is the blockage of one or more blood vessels in the lungs by a blood clot. Certain diseases (such as cancer and heart disease) and critical illnesses can put cats at increased risk for developing this potentially life-threatening condition. When the blood vessel blockage is significant, severe circulatory and respiratory changes can develop. Signs vary depending on the severity of the blockage. Labored breat
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