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Disorders of Calcium Metabolism in Cats

Disorders of Calcium Metabolism in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Calcium is an essential component of the skeleton, and it has important functions in muscle contraction, blood clotting, enzyme activity, the nervous system, and hormone release, among others. Many different metabolic disorders affect calcium metabolism and can lead to abnormal levels of calcium in the blood ( see also Disorders of the Parathyroid Glands and of Calcium Metabolism in Cats). A high level of calcium is known as hypercalcemia, w
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Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria is a rare hereditary disease of cats, cattle, pigs, sheep, and people. It results from low levels of an enzyme involved in the production of heme. Heme is a part of hemoglobin, which is the molecule that carries oxygen in the blood. Affected animals have reddish brown discoloration of the teeth, bones, and urine at birth that continues for life. Abnormal byproducts accumulate in the skin and cause severe sensitivity to the sun (called photosensitivity
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Introduction to Metabolic Disorders of Cats
date February 4, 2025
Metabolism refers to all processes in the body that break down and convert ingested substances to provide the energy and nutrients needed to sustain life. Foods, liquids, and drugs all generally undergo metabolic processes within the body. Many foods are complex materials that must be broken down into simpler substances, which in turn become “building blocks” for the body to use as needed. For example, protein is broken down into amino acids, which are used in
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Tracheobronchitis (Bronchitis, Bronchial Asthma) in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Tracheobronchitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the trachea and bronchial airways; it may also extend into the lungs. It is more likely to occur in cats already affected by respiratory disease or a disorder of the lungs or airways. Tracheobronchitis in cats can be caused by immune dysfunction, parasites, by diseases of the mouth and pharynx, or by chronic coughing related to heart or lung disease. Other causes include smoke inhalation and exposure to chemica
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Tonsillitis in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils and is rare in cats. When seen, it is usually caused by another underlying condition (such as a nose, mouth, or throat condition; or longterm coughing or vomiting). Plant fibers or other foreign bodies that lodge in a tonsil may produce inflammation or infection. Other physical and chemical agents may cause irritation of the mouth and upper throat and one or both tonsils. Tonsillitis may also accompany tumors in the tonsil b
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Rhinitis and Sinusitis in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Rhinitis is inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose. Sinusitis is inflammation of the lining of the sinuses. Rhinitis and sinusitis often occur together, which is termed rhinosinusitis. Inflammation or other damage to the nasal mucous membranes are common upper respiratory tract disorders in cats. If the nasal passages deteriorate and fail to function properly, a major filt
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Pulmonary thromboembolism is the blockage of one or more blood vessels in the lungs by a blood clot. Certain diseases (such as cancer and heart disease) and critical illnesses can put cats at increased risk for developing this potentially life-threatening condition. When the blood vessel blockage is significant, severe circulatory and respiratory changes can develop. Signs vary depending on the severity of the blockage. Labored breat
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Pulmonary Edema in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Pulmonary edema, the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissue, airways, or air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs, may occur along with circulatory disorders (such as congestive heart failure) or in some allergic reactions or infectious diseases. Head trauma can cause pulmonary edema in cats. Labored breathing, with an increased rate, and open-mouth breathing may occur. Animals stand rather than lying down, lie only on their chest, or assume a sitting position. The veterinaria
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Pneumonia in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs and airways that causes breathing difficulties and deficiency of oxygen in the blood. There are many possible causes. The most common cause of pneumonia is a viral infection of the lower respiratory tract. Feline calicivirus, for example, causes damage to the airways and makes the animal susceptible to development of pneumonia. Infections with bacteria (such as Mycoplasma and C
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Pharyngitis in Cats
date February 4, 2025
Pharyngitis is inflammation of the walls of the throat (pharynx). It accompanies most upper airway viral and bacterial respiratory infections. Calicivirus infections in cats may cause lesions of the mucous membranes in the mouth and throat. Mouth pain and resistance to having the mouth opened may indicate an abscess (pocket of pus and infection) at the back of the throat or the presence of a penetrating foreign object or growth in the mouth or tonsils. Cats are prone
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